Climate change is intensifying the threat of fungal infections, particularly those caused by Aspergillus species, which can lead to severe diseases like aspergillosis. As global temperatures rise, these fungi are expanding into new regions, increasing the risk of infection. Aspergillus fumigatus, for example, is projected to spread significantly, potentially affecting millions more people by 2100 .

These fungi are particularly dangerous for individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with asthma, cystic fibrosis, or compromised immune responses due to conditions like cancer or organ transplants. In such cases, inhaling airborne spores can lead to life-threatening infections. The disease often goes undiagnosed initially due to its flu-like symptoms, contributing to its high mortality rate .

The World Health Organization has identified certain fungal pathogens as critical health threats, yet fungal diseases remain under-researched compared to bacterial and viral infections. This underfunding hampers the development of effective treatments and diagnostic tools. Experts emphasize the urgent need for increased research and preparedness to address this growing public health concern .