Chanakya, also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupta, remains one of India’s most influential thinkers, shaping the course of ancient politics and governance.

Here are 10 fascinating facts about Chanakya - that every Indian should know:

1. Multiple Names, One Icon

Chanakya is traditionally identified with the names Kautilya and Vishnugupta, though some scholars suggest they may not be the same person.

2. Architect of the Mauryan Empire

He dedicated his life to shaping and advising Chandragupta Maurya and his son Bindusara, serving as the empire’s political strategist, economist, and philosopher.

3. Sparked by Insult, Fueled a Revolution

After being insulted by the Nanda king, Chanakya vowed to overthrow the dynasty. He found Chandragupta and helped him establish the Mauryan Empire.

4. Discovered Arthashastra Centuries Later

His seminal work, Arthashastra, lost for centuries, was rediscovered in 1904 and published in 1909, revealing his deep insights into political economy and governance.

5. Source of Multiple Legends

Chanakya’s life is narrated in four different traditions - Buddhist, Jain, Kashmiri, and the Sanskrit play Mudrarakshasa—each offering varied perspectives on his story.

6. Father of Indian Political Economy

He is considered a pioneer of Indian political science and economics. His Arthashastra outlines administrative, monetary, and strategic governance principles.

7. The Mandala Theory of Statecraft

Chanakya introduced the Rajamandala—a foreign policy model outlining circles of friends and foes around a king—one of the earliest geopolitical frameworks.

8. Enduring Legacy in Modern India

Chanakya’s influence is honoured in many ways: Chanakyapuri in Delhi, Chanakya National Law University, and institutes like Training Ship Chanakya.

9. Legendary Demise

According to legend, he died in 283 BCE during Bindusara’s reign—possibly due to court intrigue or self-imposed starvation.

10. Timeless Guidance on Balanced Life

His aphorisms in Chanakya Niti articulate the four pillars of a meaningful life—Dharma (righteousness), Artha (wealth), Kama (desire), and Moksha (liberation) - values that remain relevant today.

From shaping Chandragupta’s rise to inspiring modern institutions like Chanakyapuri and law universities, Chanakya’s legacy continues to influence governance, economics, and leadership even today.